There seems to be two possible ways that a preacher can feed their flock.  One, they can be inspired by God to preach sermons that give people exactly what they need in due season without ever realizing the sermon just fits the needs of the church. Two, they really get to know each person in the congregation and develop and clear understanding what their needs are and so preach sermons that match what they can see.

My question is this second method a duty or just an option?  Can a preacher just bury himself in theological study and prayer barely knowing his congregation, or must he engage the members getting to know them and their thoughts?