Was it the act of seducing Eve to eat the apple that was his downfall, was he already fallen before that, or was it after?
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1Is the question when did the devil rebel against God or when did he fall from heaven? – Reinstate Monica - Goodbye SE Sep 11 '11 at 16:16
That happened before the Garden of Eden incident. Before then, he walked in heaven (on the holy mount of God).
14 You were anointed as a guardian cherub, for so I ordained you. You were on the holy mount of God; you walked among the fiery stones. 15 You were blameless in your ways from the day you were created till wickedness was found in you.
He was actually cast down because he became proud.
Your heart became proud on account of your beauty, and you corrupted your wisdom because of your splendor. So I threw you to the earth; I made a spectacle of you before kings.
Then he thought that he could be God, that he could take God's place in the universe as ruler of it:
13 You said in your heart, “I will ascend to the heavens; I will raise my throne above the stars of God; I will sit enthroned on the mount of assembly, on the utmost heights of Mount Zaphon. 14 I will ascend above the tops of the clouds; I will make myself like the Most High.”
That was his downfal: Pride--he thought he was as good as God.
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1I down voted because, in reading said chapters, it is very apparent that these prophecies are about men - the cited Ezekiel 28 about the King of Tyrus, and Isaiah 14 - while attributed to Lucifer/Satan - is clearly in reference to a man. God did not tell these prophets to go tell Satan these prophecies - instead they were to be delivered to specific men for a purpose. Even simpler still - Satan is either a fallen angelic being (Cherub) or a man - as both prophecies seem to indicate (as the beginning of Ez. 28 is about the Prince of Tyrus). – Jesse Apr 17 '15 at 23:25