Short answer, yes:
Be angry and do not sin; do not let the sun go down on your anger, and give no opportunity to the devil (Eph 4:26,27)
Paul is saying here that it is possible to be angry and to not sin. That conclusion can also be reached since Jesus was angry but never sinned.
However, we need to be very cautious. Anger has a way of dulling good judgment and, often leads to sinful actions. Hence the many warnings in Scripture against it such as:
Know this, my beloved brothers: let every person be quick to hear, slow to speak, slow to anger; for the anger of man does not produce the righteousness of God (James 1:19,20)
And proverbs dealing with anger abound:
http://strengthenedbygrace.wordpress.com/2008/03/04/proverbs-on-anger/
Furthermore, the heart is very deceitful:
The heart is deceitful above all things,
and desperately sick;
who can understand it?
we need to be careful that we are not viewing our own sinful anger as righteous anger.
Finally, can we emulate what Jesus did in the temple? Well, remember it was his father's house. He had the authority to act there. If I came into my father's house and found a bunch of thieves and robbers, I think it would be legitimate and God honoring to be angry about it and to kick them out. Likewise, there are evils committed in this world that we should be angry about. If, however, our anger leads us to sinful actions or attitudes (bitterness for example), then we should be quick to recognize that our anger is no longer God honoring.
For what its worth, I doubt my own ability to be righteously angry. So whenever I reflect on my own anger, I start with the assumption that it is sinful, and begin to diligently search and examine to make sure I am not giving an opportunity to the devil (Eph 4:29). If, after reflection and seeking godly counsel, I can determine that my anger is justified, then so be it.
I highly recommend the following book for a very good look at anger from a biblical perspective: Uprooting Anger by Robert Jones